Mechanism for operating sash in certain window construction



Sept. 8, 1931. E. L. ACKERMAN MECHANISM FOR OPERATING SASH IN CERTAIN WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 225, 1929 I N V EN TOR. imma o l ,4 :Mmmm

A TTORNE Y.

Sept- 8, 1931. y E. ACKERMAN 1,822,580

MECHANISM FOK OPERATING SASH IN CERTAIN WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 25,. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 26 ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 8, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT oi-Fics EDWARD L. ACKERMAN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T ACKERMAN-BLAESSER- FEZZEY, INC., OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN` MECHANISM FOR OPERATING SASH IN CERTAIN VVINDOITy CONSTRUCTION Application led December 23, 1929. Serial No. 415,979.

This invention relates to window construction and associated sash operating mechanism, its primary'object being to provide sash operating mechanism for use with sash adapted to be raised to open the window Y and lowered to close the same and an operating mechanism positioned below thevwindow by manual operation of which the sash is moved in either direction and of such character and arrangement that in moving the sash to open position no part of the operating mechanism to any material extent is moved into the opening between the lower` sash rail and the sill of the window frame.

Heretofore, in railroad and street car construction, the sash is required to be raised in the grooves of the window frame and is ordinarily not counter-weighted and therefore difficult to be raised by hand. This invention seeks to provide means whereby a sash operating mechanism embodying the principles of the well known sash operating mechanism for automobile bodies may be utilized for performing the function.

The device is likewise utilizable with windows of houses or other buildings wherein the sash has heretofore ordinarily been counter-weighted and this invention seeks to provide a mechanism for such a sash of a character in which the counter-weights may be dispensed with and an operating mechanism utilized of a characterto practically counterbalance the sash and operable by the turning of a crank to raise or lower the sash in the opening or closing of the window.

In structures of the general character stated, if it includes a single sash in the window opening, the frame is arranged to permit the sash to move upwardly through or to the frame member at the top andrdue to the fact that the bottom rail of the sashzis raised from the sill in opening the same. the sash operating mechanism commonly in use in .the automobile cannot be applied thereto in the same manner as with the automobile sash and window construction as the operating lever is usually directly connected with the lower sash rail.

. A feature of this invention therefore is involved in the construction of window frames in which the sash may be raised in the opening of the same and a pocket in the same plane as the sash at the bottom of the window frameV corresponding somewhat to the sash receiving pocket of the well known automobile body construction but here, in accordance with this invention, utilized to receive a framework 'to which the sash operating mechanism is operatively connected.

These and other objects and the various novel features of the invention are hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and a window construction and sash operating mechanism embodying my invention is shown in its preferred form in the accompanying drawingsin which- Fig. 1 is an elevation partially broken away showing my improved window construction including a convenient form of sash operating mechanism. c

Fig. 2 is ak section taken on line 2-'2 of Fig. 1.;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the sash raising and lowering mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a detail in perspective of a convenient form of frame for carrying the sash to which the operating mechanism is applied.

The illustration Fig. 1 shows a window frame consisting of the side frame members l and 2, a sill 3, a top cross bar 4 and an intermediate frame 5 separating the window opening into the lower portion 6 and an upper portion 7 for the movable sash 8 and the transom 9 respectively.

, It is to be understood that the window frame and sash, shown lin the drawings, is only one of the possible win dowk constructions involving my invention. Obviously the window frame does not necessarily include the transom'but a necessary feature of all embodiments of my invention resides in the window and sash construction requiring the raising of the sash member 8 to open the sameand to lower the' sash in the frame to close the same.

In Fig. 1 I have shown sash operating mechanism carried by a plate 10 mounted on a board 11 corresponding with what is termed a lock board in automobile body construction and located in a pocket 12 between the lll walls of the vehicle or structure with which the window is associated as will be readily understood from Fig. 2.

The sash operating mechanism consists of the usual rotatable handle 13 within the car or structure with which the window is associated mounted on the inner face of the partition wall 14 forming the inner wall of the pocket 12, the exterior wall of which is indi cated at 15. The crank 13 in the construction here shown operates a clutch device n the pocket 12 indicated generally at 16. This may be any of the usual forms of clutch device now commonly in use in automobile body conu struction such for instance as is shown in Patent No. 1,657,561 of Jan. 31, 1928, to Edward L. Ackerman et al, of the friction brake type.

This clutch device, as here shown, includes o a gear 17 meshing with a gear 18 on one side of the plate 10, the shaft of which projects through the plate and there provided with a gear 19 meshing with a gear 2O rotatably supported by the plate and on the saine side thereof as the gear 19. This gear 20 is rotatable on a fixed shaft 21 to which the inner end of a spiral spring 22 is attached, the outer end of which is secured to the gear as shown in Fig. 1. The tension of the spring tends to rotate the gear in the direction of the arrow and tends to counteract the weight of the sash. The gear 2O has an arm 23 extending outwardly therefrom and `pivoted to a lever 24 practically intermediate its ends. The end 25 of the lever 24 is pivoted to the lower cross bar 26 of the sash supporting frame.

The opposite end of the lever 24 in the construction here shown extends on one side of the plate 10 and a pin 26a extends through the arcuate slot 2T in this plate to pivotal relation with the lower end of the lever 27a, the upper end of which is pivoted at 2S to `the plate. The lever 27 may swing through a certain arc deiined by the slot and maintains the connected end of the lever 24 within a certain path of movement, the construction of the several elements heilig such that the line of travel of the pivot point of the end 25 of the lever 24 is practically on a vertical line equi-distantly between the two sides of the sash. The lower end of the lever may be conveniently slotted as indicated at 29 to allow for any inaccuracy in construction or assembly of the parts.` Thus, the force applied to raise the sash is applied Aon a central line of its movement in the form of control mechanism here shown.

I have shown and described one form of sash operating mechanism such as is used in automobile body constructions but there are many sash operating devices, differing in structure from that described but including a. sash operating arm, that may be applied in any convenient manner to the bar 26 with equal facility and eiiiciency in operation as may be secured by the form of sash operating mechanism shown.

The invention therefore is to be understood as not being involved in the specific construetion of the sash operatingmechanism per se but rather in the window construction and the means interposed between the sash and the operating mechanism whereby the sash may be raised in its frame to open the win dow without any portion of the operating mechanism, to a material extent, being positioned in the win-dow opening provided by the raising of the sash.

This means, interposed between the sash and operating mechanism, comprises the cross bar 26 before mentioned, a vertical rod 30 on one side and similar rod 31 on the opposite side, of any convenient form, here shown as being a round rod extending through eyes 32 formed at opposite ends of the bars 26 only one of which is here shown) and secured in place by the upper and lower nuts 33 and 34. This frame consists ot the rods 30 and 31 and cross bar 25 and together with the lower rail 85 of the sash forms a. rectangular frame. The upper ends of the rods 30 and 31 are flattened as shown at 36 more particularly in Fig. 4 a-nd are attached to the opposite vertical sides of the sash by means of screws 37 passing through apertures in the flattened ends. Thus, the rods o and 31 lie at their upper ends in the po shown in Fig. 1 in the sash groove with which the frame is provided as indicated in Fig. 2 and in raising or lowering the sash these rods 30 and 31 ride in the sash grooves and are therefore practically obscured from view er at least do not extend within the opening formed by the raising of the sash in its frame.

As previously stated the sash is movable in vertical side grooves 3S of the frame and the sill is provided i 7ith the slot 39 in the preferred form to proper relationship with which thelower rail of the sash is positioned when closed. For this purpose and for the salte of weather-proofness the outer face of the bottom rail of the sash .iay be provided with a weather strip 40, which, when the window is closed and the lower rail brought to proper relation with the sill, engages over a part 41 of the sill provided therefor to prevent ingress of snow or rain tothe pocket between the outer and inner wallsl and 14. Likewise, the top member 4 of the window trame has a longitudinal slot 42 arranged in proper relation with the grooves 38 so that the top rail 43 et' the sash may pass thereinto in raising' the same to open position. In such window construction in which it is not desired to raise the lower sash to a height greater than the depth of the transom sash 9 here shown, the slot 42 may be dispensed with, the'upper cross member 4 in such latter cases providing a limit to the opening movement of the sash. lIn case the window frame and the movable sash are 0f the same general size, the top frame member corresponding to the top member 4 of Fig. l of necessity is constructed to permit the sash to be moved thereabove.

It is oftentimes convenient and desirable that an open window be screened and this window construction and sash operating mechanism therefore may conveniently solve the problem of screening of windows of houses or other buldings when open without necessity of taking down screens in the fall and replacing the same in the spring as is ordinarily the practice with house construction. It is also desirable in railroad cars that the open window be screened to prevent ingress of soot. For this purpose the rectangular frame heretofore mentioned as comprising the cross bar 26 and the side bars 30 and 3l and lower sash rail 35 may be utilized to support a screen frame 44, the upper and lower rails of which engage respectively the sash bar 35 and the cross bar 26 and the side rails of which engage the respective vertical bars 30 and 31. This may even be a permanent installation of screen and sash in the constructions described, as in house use the sash when closed has positioned the screen in a weather tight pocket where it may remain during the winter period and always automatically positioned whenever the window is opened. For installation in rail road cars it is always desirable that the screen be in place on the opening of sash. The screen frame obviously may be so made as to be readily removed but in any event by the construction described the screen frame practically rides the grooves for the sash in the winl dow frame as the sash is opened.

It will be readily observed from the foregoing that by an appropriate window operating mechanism the lever, such for instance as the lever 24, raises the sash to open position by means of the interposed framework consisting of the cross bar 26 and side bars 30 and 3l. This cross bar 26 in any possible open posit-ion of the sash does not move upwardly out of the pocket and therefore in the opening of the window no part of the sash operating mechanism is brought into the space between tlre lower rails and the sill.

It will further be observed from the foregoing description that the various objects and features of the invention kare attained by the construction described. M

Having thus fully described my invention, its utility and mode of operation, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States ise- 1. In window construction, the combination with a frame having grooves, of a sash slidable therein adapted to be raised to open the window and lowered to close the same,

said sash consisting of a frame having an upper glazed portion, alowerunglazed portion and a cross rail therebetween, said window frame including a sill and a top cross bar each having a slot formed therein in the plane of the sash in closed relation with which the cross rail of the sash frame is positioned when the window is closed, said window construction including a pocket formed by spaced inner and outer walls below the sill into which the unglazed portion of the frame is positioned when the frame is closed and a pocket above the top cross bar of the window frame into which the glazed portion of the sash frame is movable when the window is opened, and a manually operable sash'operating mechanism in the said pocket including an operating member extending through the inner wall thereof, said sash operating mechanism including a clutch device automatically released on operation of the said operating mechanism in raising and lowering the window and automatically locked by the weight of the sash upon release of the said operating mechanism, and a sash counterbalancing spring.

2. In window construction, a window frame having sash grooves in opposite sides including a sill and a top cross bar, a supporting structure therefor having a pocketior space below the sill, said sill and a similar space above the cross bar being provided with an aperture therethrough in the plane of the sash and relative to which the lower rail of the sash is in practically sealed relation when having side members in continuation with 'i the side rails of the sash riding in the grooves of the sash when in raisedposition, a sash operating mechanism located in the said pocket adapted to be manually operated and including a lever engaging the said cross member of the frame attached to the sash, the parts being so arranged as to permit the raising of the window to the full open position without exposing any portion of the sash operating mechanism in the window frame opening when the sash is in raised position.

3. In window construction, including a window frame having grooved side members, a sill, a cross member and a sash movable in the frame away from the sill to open the window and toward the sill to close the same, the sill and cross member of the window frame opposite the sill having an opening therethrough in the plane of the sash, of a frame member arranged in continuation 

